王青

【New words and expressions】生詞和短語（13）

tunnel n. 隧道

port n. 港口

ventilate v. 通風(fēng)

chimney n. 煙囪

sea level 海平面

double adj. 雙的

ventilation n. 通風(fēng)

fear v. 害怕

invasion n. 入侵，侵略

officially adv. 正式地

connect v. 連接

European adj. 歐洲的

continent n. 大陸

★tunnel n. 隧道

channel n. 海峽（The Channel 英吉利海峽）

★ventilate v. 通風(fēng)

ventilation n. 通風(fēng)

Forced Ventilation 強制排風(fēng)系統(tǒng)

（forced adj. 被迫的，強迫的，動用武力的）

air v. 通風(fēng)

Air the room, please! 給房間通通風(fēng)

★double adj. 雙的

字母W 的讀音就是“double u”，意為兩個u 構(gòu)成w .

couple，pair 兩個

a couple of weeks

a pair of shoes/socks/glasses 一副眼鏡

★fear v. 害怕

① vt. 害怕，畏懼

sb. fear doing sth. 害怕做……

She fears speaking in public.

sb. fear sth. 害怕……

I feared darkness.

be afraid of 害怕……

I am afraid of dogs.

be afraid of / fear 人做主語

335

新概念英語第二冊筆記

② vt. 恐怕，猜想（比be afraid要正式）

fear that… 恐怕……

We fear /It is feared/ We’re afraid that many lives have been lost in the crash.

be afraid that… = I am sorry. 恐怕……（婉言謝絕）

Can you help me?

I am afraid I can't. = I am afraid not.

fright / frighten / frightening / frightened / frightful

sth. frighten sb. = sth. scare sb. ……嚇了……一跳

You frightened/scared me.

The doy frightened me.

frighten = scare是因某件突然的事情才讓某人產(chǎn)生了害怕的情緒，句子后邊的部分是人

horrify v. 使恐怖, 使極度厭惡, 驚駭

horrified adj. 驚悸的, 帶有恐怖感的, 驚駭?shù)?/p>

★invasion n. 入侵, 侵略

invade vt. 侵略, 侵襲, 擁擠

★officially adv. 正式地

official adj. （官方的）正式

formally adv. （一般的）正式

★connect v. 連接

connect sth. with/to… 把……和……連接

connect A with B (A 和B 平等)

connect A to B (A 連到B上去)

This road connects the village with/to London.

★European adj. 歐洲的

★continent n. 大陸

European Continent 歐洲大陸（不包括歐洲島國）

【Text】

In 1858, a French engineer, Aime Thome de Gamond, arrived in England with a plan for a twenty-one-mile

tunnel under the English Channel. He said that it would be possible to build a platform in the centre of the

Channel. This platform would serve as a port and a railway station. The tunnel would be well-ventilated if tall

chimneys were built above sea level. In 1860, a better plan was put forward by an Englishman, William Low. He

suggested that a double railway-tunnel should be built. This would solve the problem of ventilation, for if a train

entered this tunnel, it would draw in fresh air behind it. Forty-two years later a tunnel was actually begun. If, at

the time, the British had not feared invasion, it would have been completed. The world had to wait almost another

100 years for the Channel Tunnel. It was officially opened on March 7,1994, finally connecting Britain to the

European continent.

336

新概念英語第二冊筆記

參考譯文

1858 年, 一位名叫埃梅托梅德干蒙的法國工程師帶著建造一條長21英里、穿越英吉利海峽的隧

道計劃到了英國. 他說, 可以在隧道中央建造一座平臺, 這座平臺將用作碼頭和火車站. 如果再建些伸出

海面的高大的煙囪狀通風(fēng)管, 隧道就具備了良好的通風(fēng)條件. 1860 年, 一位名叫威廉洛的英國人提出了一

項更好的計劃. 他提議建一條雙軌隧道, 這樣就解決了通風(fēng)問題. 因為如果有一列火車開進隧道, 它就把

新鮮空氣隨之抽進了隧道. 42年以后, 隧道實際已經(jīng)開始建了. 如果不是因為那時英國人害怕入侵, 隧道早

已建成了. 世界不得不再等將近100 年才看到海峽隧道竣工. 它于1994 年3 月7 日正式開通, 將英國與歐

洲大陸連到了一起.

【課文講解】

1、In 1858, a French engineer, Aime Thome de Gamond, arrived in England with a plan for a twenty-one-mile

tunnel under the English Channel.

plan for +名詞/動名詞……的計劃

twenty-one-mile 加連字符，用單數(shù)，作定語

2、This platform would serve as a port and a railway station.

serve as… =serve for… 起……作用，用作……，充當(dāng)……

It will serve as a swimming pool.

This sofa can serve as/for (a) bed.

3、In 1860, a better plan was put forward by an Englishman, William Low.

put forward (plan/suggestion) 提出（計劃、建議等）

You know they wouldn’t accept your plan. Why did you put it forward?

4、He suggested that a double railway-tunnel should be built.

suggest

① vt. 暗示，用法與其他的詞相同

② vt. 建議，用虛擬語氣，后接動詞是要用-ing 形式，后接that 從句采用一種固定的用法“should+

動詞原形”（should 可省略）

I suggested (that) he (should) go home. (that, should 都可省略)

He suggested that I should go with him. 他建議我一定要跟他去.

insist 作“堅持”講時用法同suggest

He insisted that I should stay to lunch. 他堅持要我留下來吃晚飯.

5、This would solve the problem of ventilation, for if a train entered this tunnel, it would draw in fresh air

behind it.

draw in 吸進，如用bring沒有draw in 形象、貼切

6、If, at the time, the British had not feared invasion, it would have been completed.

虛擬語氣(非真實條件句)中，與現(xiàn)在事實相反，從句用一般過去時；與過去事實相反，從句用過去完成

時，此時主句格式為would have done，would/could/should 都可以

情態(tài)動詞加have done 表示對過去的推測，如must have done，can't have done等

337

新概念英語第二冊筆記

7、The world had to wait almost another 100 years for the Channel Tunnel.

wait for sb.

wait (for) some times

I have waited five minutes. (for 可不要)

I have waited for you (for) five minutes.

I have waited five years for you.

【Summary writing】

1 Who planned to build a tunnel under the English Channel in 1858? How would it be ventilated? (The

tunnel, which…)

4 Did work begin forty－two years later or not? Why was it stopped? (Though…because)

5 When was the Channel Tunnel officially opened? (However)

1 先行詞, which : 非限定性定語從句

The tunnel, which a French engineer planned to build in 1858, would be ventilated if tall chimmeys were built

above sea level.

4 Though it was begun (work begin forty-two years later), it was stopped because…

5 However 起了副詞的作用,后面可以直接加一個句子

【Composition】

1 The English Channel separates Britain from Europe. The country has not been invaded since1066. (Thanks

to…which)

2 Modern warfare is far more complex. Such fears no longer exist.(However, now that…)

3 Britain benefits enormously from a Channel Tunnel. Europe benefits enormously from a Channel Tunnel.

(Both…and)

1 thanks to 幸虧(to是介詞)

Thanks to the English Channel which separates British from Europe, the…

2 now that 即使；既然

Howwever, now that moden warfare is far more complex ,such fears no longer exist.

即使現(xiàn)代戰(zhàn)爭越來越復(fù)雜了,然而這樣的害怕都已經(jīng)不存在了

3 Both Britain and Europe benefit... (注意benefit 不能加s)

benefit n. 利益，好處；vt. 有益于，有助于；vi. 受益

【Key structures】

第3類條件句

第 3 類條件句是在if 從句里設(shè)想純粹想像的事情，在主句里講述想像的結(jié)果，談的是沒有或永遠(yuǎn)不可

能有的結(jié)果，指的是過去沒有過的事情。第3 類條件句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是if從句用過去完成時，主句用would

have/ should have +過去分詞：

If it had rained, we would have stayed at home.

If I had worked harded at school, I’d have got a better job.

在if從句中可用could have +過去分詞代替had been able to +動詞原形：

I’d have read that book if I could have bought it.

338

新概念英語第二冊筆記

特殊結(jié)構(gòu): suggest/insist, 后接that從句(should+動詞原形)

【Special difficulties】

動詞 draw的一些短語

draw vt. 拉，拖

draw in 使……進入；吸入

The smell of flowers in the shop drew us in. 花的香味使我們走進了這家商店。

draw back 后退，后縮；收回，撤回

You must finish the work by yourselves now. They have drawn back their people.

你們得靠自己完成這項工作。他們已把他們的人員撤走了。

draw up 停住，使……停��；起草，制訂，擬訂

I was waiting for Jill in front of a shop when a taxi drew up beside me.

Have any new agreements been drawn up between the two countries?

draw off 撤走，離開

The villagers had to draw off because of the flood.

When the others were talking loudly, he quickly drew off.

【Multiple choice questions】

3 It would be possible to build a platform. A platform ___c____.

a. could build b. would be built c. could be built d. would build

could 可能 ；would 表示將來要做

9 A plan was put forward byWilliam Low. He ___a____it.

a. suggested b. intended c. aimed at d. planned

put forword 提出；intend to do sth. 打算做……

aim at 目標(biāo)是…… ；plan v. 計劃

suggest v. 建議

suggest + doing sth. ；suggest that 從句； suggest + 名詞或代詞

11 It finally connects Britain and Europe. Britain and Europe are finally ____b___.

a. mixed b. joined together c. rejoined d. combined

mix v. 混合；join v. 連接(加入), 強調(diào)使成為其中一員

rejoin v. 再次加入；combine v. 合并

connect 強調(diào)連接