1. rescue vt. 營(yíng)救，救援（常與from連用）
e.g. We rescued the boy who fell into the river.
They rescued the boy from danger.
n. 救援；救援的行為；解救
Rescue workers are therefore drilling a hole on the north side of the mine.
rescue與save的區(qū)別
這兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞的一般含義是“搭救”或“拯救”。
rescue的含義是：不失時(shí)機(jī)地以強(qiáng)有力的措施進(jìn)行搭救受到監(jiān)禁、攻擊或死亡威脅的人。
save是通用詞，使用范圍很廣，其含義可以是rescue, 也可以是help,一般指“對(duì)陷入危險(xiǎn)、受到威脅的人或物給予援救”，但不能指“將人從囚禁中救出來(lái)”。還可以表示“節(jié)省”。
e.g. His life was saved by the doctor.他的生命被那位醫(yī)生救了。
He saved money for years and in 1938 he bought a small workshop of his own.
2. advance n. 前進(jìn)，進(jìn)展，進(jìn)行
e.g. China has made great advances in industry.
stop the enemy’s advance 阻止敵軍前進(jìn)
in advance 預(yù)先，事先
vi. 前進(jìn)，進(jìn)步，進(jìn)展
e.g. The soldiers advanced toward the town.
Time passed rapidly but the work didn’t advance at all.
vt. 使前進(jìn)，提升
e.g. He worked so well that his boss advanced him to a higher position.
advanced adj. 先進(jìn)的，高等的，高齡的
e.g. He taught himself advanced mathematics at 14.他十四歲時(shí)自學(xué)高等數(shù)學(xué)。
She died at an advanced age of 89.她以89歲高齡去世。
3. mass n. 團(tuán)，快，堆，大量，大宗
A cold air mass冷空氣團(tuán)
Floating masses of ice大塊的浮冰
a mass of /masses of 一團(tuán)/塊/堆……,大量/大批/眾多……,后面可接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，也可接不可數(shù)名詞。
e.g. There were masses of dark clouds in the sky. 天上有朵朵烏云。
There is a mass of stones in the yard .院子里有一堆石頭。
I have a mass of homework to do.我有很多作業(yè)要做。
the masses 可表“群眾、民眾”之意。
e.g. The masses have great creative power 人民群眾有巨大的創(chuàng)造力。
mass 可構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)，如mass production 批量生產(chǎn)，mass education 群眾教育，mass murder大屠殺。
4. fright n. (突然的)恐怖，驚嚇
in fright 驚恐地
have a fright 大吃一驚
shake with fright 嚇得發(fā)抖
frighten v. 使驚恐，使害怕
The sudden noise frightened us.
frightened adj. 受驚嚇的
He was frightened at the thought of the coming exam.
The child has always been frightened of the dark.
She was very frightened to look down from the top floor of the building.
The boy was frightened that he would get lost.
5．struggle vi. 掙扎，奮斗；斗爭(zhēng)（常與for, against, with 或不定式連用）
The baby struggled in its mother’s arms.
The old man has been struggling with illness.
He has been struggling for success in his business.
They are struggling against the thief.
n. 奮斗，斗爭(zhēng)
The struggle between the two teams was hard.
6. strike 打，撞擊，侵襲，打動(dòng)，使突然想起，敲響，劃燃
She struck her brother and gave him a bloody nose.
The car rolled down the hill and struck a tree.
The army struck by surprise at night.
A good idea struck me as I was reading the newspaper.
The power of her words struck me.
The clock is striking at midnight.
He struck a match an lit the candle.
7. used to, be/get used to, be used to do
used to 表示過(guò)去常常做……，含有現(xiàn)在不做的意思，側(cè)重同現(xiàn)在對(duì)比。它沒(méi)有現(xiàn)在時(shí)，也沒(méi)有進(jìn)行時(shí)、完成時(shí)、動(dòng)詞不定式或-ing 形式，沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化。
Used you to play basketball at school?
Did you use to play basketball at school?
You used not to like collecting stamps, did you? 你過(guò)去不喜歡集郵，是吧？
There used to be a bus-stop here, used n’t there?
be/get used to (doing) sth. 表示習(xí)慣于
be used to do表示被用來(lái)做某事
I used to have a walk in the morning.
I am used to taking a walk in the morning.
The computer is used to record the tickets which passengers buy.
8. marry是一個(gè)很活躍的動(dòng)詞。作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，通常表動(dòng)作，構(gòu)成marry young/early/late/well 等，表“結(jié)婚早/遲/婚姻生活幸福“等義；作及物動(dòng)詞有下列用法：marry sb ;be married (to sb.); get married (to sb .); marry sb to sb 等詞組，其中be married (to sb .)通常表狀態(tài)，其余表動(dòng)作。
注意：（１）marry 是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，因此不能說(shuō)“They have married for a year.”而應(yīng)說(shuō)“They have been married for a year.”或“They married a year ago.”
（２）和某人結(jié)婚不要用介詞with。
9. must 表“推測(cè)”的用法：
(1).對(duì)現(xiàn)在一般情況的推測(cè)，用must +do 表達(dá)。
e.g You look pale.You must be ill .你的臉色看起來(lái)蒼折。你一定生病了。
She speaks excellent English .She must come from America.她講一口漂亮的英語(yǔ)。她一定是美國(guó)人。
(2).對(duì)現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的情況的推測(cè)，用must +be doing 表達(dá)。
e.g. Let’s hurry up .Tom must be waiting for us ,我們趕快些。湯姆一定正在等我們。
I can hear the sound of rain dropping It must be raining heavily.我能聽見雨滴聲。一定在下大雨。
(3).表對(duì)去情況的推測(cè)，用must +have done 來(lái)表達(dá)。
e.g. Look ,the ground was all wet .It must have rained hard last night .看，地面全濕了，昨晚雨一下得很大。
How can you know so much about it ?You must have read about it .你怎么對(duì)它如此了解？你一定讀過(guò)關(guān)于它的東西。
(4).否定句通常用can’t 來(lái)表達(dá)，表“不可能”之意。
e.g. The lights are all out .He can’t be at home .燈都熄了，他不可能在家。
(5).疑問(wèn)句也用can來(lái)表達(dá) 。
e.g.－Who can it be?－It must be Mr Zhang.
那會(huì)是誰(shuí)呢？――那一定是老師。
(6).附加疑問(wèn)句形式視情況而定。
e.g.You must be tired ,aren’t you ?你一累了，是嗎？You must have seen a film yesterday,didn’t you ?你昨天一定看電影了，是嗎？